Theory of Iron Rule of Oligarchies

A political science principle, sometimes called the "Iron Law of Oligarchy," stating that any large organization, including democratic states and revolutionary movements, inevitably develops a ruling elite (an oligarchy) that consolidates power, serves its own interests, and becomes detached from the rank-and-file. Democracy and egalitarian ideals inevitably decay into oligarchic control because complex administration requires specialization, which leads to concentration of knowledge and power.

Theory of Iron Rule of Oligarchies Example: A grassroots political party starts with radical democracy and rotating leadership. Within a few years, a small group of full-time organizers (the Oligarchy) controls the finances, messaging, and candidate selection. The Iron Rule has manifested: the need for efficiency and expertise created a permanent, self-perpetuating leadership class that now values its own power over the party's original ideals.

by Abzugal Nammugal Enkigal February 4, 2026